Soil
They prefer soils that drain well (to avoid root rot), although they are also capable of retaining water. Weakly acid soils; pH 4.5 - 7.5.
The quality of the soil nutrients is of utmost importance, as it helps to maintain optimal pH levels, which aids in pest control.
This nutrition must be well balanced, mainly rich in calcium and potassium, since these nutrients promote cell growth of the fruits, which makes them much more resistant to pests, if nitrogen fertilizers are used, they make the plants become more susceptible to fungi, as the pH levels are lower. Lighting: They tolerate a shaded exposure well. Too many hours of direct sunlight can damage leaves and fruits.
Climate
Strawberry is a plant whose cultivation can occur in various regions of the world from temperate to tropical countries; the plant can be kept alive in temperatures between -20 ° C and 55 ° C; but not its floral organs that die at values around 0 ° C.
They are able to withstand strong frosts in winter and intense heat in summer, but their ideal fruiting temperature is around 18 °. In very hot climates they can bear fruit with greater difficulty, since they usually need to accumulate hours of cold (below 7 °) to break the winter dormancy.
For the production of fruits they require annual average temperatures between 15-20 ºC; below 12 ºC during fruit setting they give rise to cold deformed fruits, while above 20 ° C, the ripening of the fruit is accelerated, which affects that it reaches the appropriate size for marketing.
Cultivation Form
Strawberry is produced in most of the world under intensive annual systems, which can be conventionally or in the open field, or under a protected environment in grow houses or greenhouse and hydroponically.
Strawberry cultivation is characterized in groups according to the hours of light that are recommended for each variety, thus, they can be: long, short or neutral day, this characteristic depends on the geographical area where the crop is located.
P repairing the land: Strawberry cultivation begins with preparing the land for a vigorous harvest. Soil is tested for pH. The best areas are where the soil is between 6 and 6.2 pH.
Planting: A hole is dug large enough to spread the roots in divisions. At the bottom of the hole, create a dirt mound or hill that is flush with the surrounding ground level. The hilltop strawberry plant is placed inside the hole so that the crown is at ground level and the roots are spread up the slopes of the hill. The hole is filled and
makes sure of the soil level, which should be at the height of the middle of the crown of the plant.